Region | Middle Africa | |
Population (000, 2024) | 236a | |
Pop. density (per km2, 2024) | 245.4a | |
Capital city | Sao Tome | |
Capital city pop. (000, 2024) | 80.1c | |
UN membership date | 16 September 1975 | |
Surface area (km2) | 964b | |
Sex ratio (m per 100 f) | 98.8a | |
National currency | Dobra (STN) | |
Exchange rate (per US$) | 23b |
2015 | 2020 | 2024 | |
GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$) | 318 | 476 | 547b |
GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices) | 3.9 | 3.1 | 0.1b |
GDP per capita (current US$) | 1 582.4 | 2 179.2 | 2 404.6b |
Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added) | 12.2 | 14.3 | 13.2b |
Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added) | 15.7 | 13.5 | 13.7b |
Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA) | 72.1 | 72.2 | 73.2b |
Employment in agricultured (% of employed) | 19.5 | 17.8 | 17.1b |
Employment in industryd (% of employed) | 19.3 | 19.8 | 20b |
Employment in servicesd (% employed) | 61.1 | 62.5 | 62.8b |
Unemploymentd (% of labour force) | 13.6 | 15.4 | 14.2 |
Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %) | 37.3 / 71.5 | 37.2 / 69.7 | 37.8 / 70.4 |
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100) | 154 | 219 | 339e |
Agricultural production index (2014-2016=100) | 90 | 105 | 107b |
International trade: exports (million current US$) | 9 | 12 | 17e |
International trade: imports (million current US$) | 142 | 138 | 184e |
International trade: balance (million current US$) | -133 | -126 | -167e |
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) | -69 | -60 | -79b |
2015 | 2020 | 2024 | |
Population growth rate (average annual %) | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2a |
Urban population (% of total population) | 70.2 | 73.6f | ... |
Urban population growth rate (average annual %) | 3.8g | ... | ... |
Fertility rate, total (live births per woman) | 4.4 | 3.8 | 3.6a |
Life expectancy at birth (females/males, years) | 69.3 / 63.1 | 72.0 / 64.6 | 73.9 / 66.4a |
Population age distributionh (0-14/60+ years old, %) | 41.9 / 5.3 | 39.9 / 5.8 | 37.8 / 6.1a |
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.) | 2.4 / 1.2i | 2.1 / 1.0i | ... / ... |
Under five mortality rate (per 1000 live births) | 23.3 | 16.2 | 13.2a |
Health: Current expenditurej (% of GDP) | 5.3 | 7.3 | 7.8k |
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.) | 0.3 | 0.5f | ... |
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP) | 3.9 | 5 | 5.3k |
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 104.1 / 110.4 | 106.7 / 112.5l | ... / ... |
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 105.1 / 99.3 | 111.0 / 104.4l | ... / ... |
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.) | 62.7 / 56.4 | 76.7 / 64.4l | ... / ... |
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.) | 3.2m | ... | ... |
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%) | 18.2 | 14.6n | 14.6n |
2015 | 2020 | 2024 | |
Individuals using the Internetd (per 100 inhabitants) | 25.8 | 51.6 | 57b |
Threatened species (number) | 81 | 108 | 143e |
Forested area (% of land area) | 57.3 | 54.1 | 53.4k |
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita) | 0.1 / 0.7 | 0.1 / 0.7d | 0.1 / 0.7d,k |
Energy production, primary (Petajoules) | 1 | 1 | 1d,k |
Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules) | 15 | 14d | 14d,k |
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000) | 26 | 11 | 15k |
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%) | 86.3 | 86.3 | 86.3e |
Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %) | 38.3 / 22.3 | 40.1 / 23.6 | 40.3 / 23.8b |
Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural, %) | 29.7 / 24.2 | 34.0 / 30.2 | 34.8 / 31.5b |
Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI) | 15.55 | 19.31 | 13.07k |
Footnotes |
a | Projected estimate (medium fertility variant). | |
b | 2022 | |
c | 2018 | |
d | Estimate. | |
e | 2023 | |
f | 2019 | |
g | Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year. | |
h | Calculated by the UN Statistics Division. | |
i | Refers to foreign citizens. | |
j | Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31). | |
k | 2021 | |
l | 2017 | |
m | 2011 | |
n | Data are as at 1 January of reporting year. |