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General Information

Economic indicators

	2015	2020	2024
GDP: Gross domestic product^a (million current US$)	11 061 570	14 687 744	17 963 171^c
GDP growth rate^a (annual %, const. 2015 prices)	7	2.2	3^c
GDP per capita^a (current US$)	7 936.7	10 307.7	12 597.9^c
Economy: Agriculture^g (% of Gross Value Added)	8.7	8	7.7^c
Economy: Industry^h,i (% of Gross Value Added)	41	38	40.1^c
Economy: Services and other activity^h,j (% of GVA)	50.3	54	52.3^c
Employment in agriculture^a,k (% of employed)	28.3	23.6	22.6^c
Employment in industry^a,k (% of employed)	29.3	31.6	32.2^c
Employment in services^a,k (% employed)	42.4	44.8	45.3^c
Unemployment^a,k (% of labour force)	4.6	5	5
Labour force participation rate^a,k (female/male pop. %)	62.7 / 75.8	60.1 / 71.8	60.1 / 71.7
CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)	115	112^l	115^l,f
Agricultural production index^a (2014-2016=100)	101	105	111^c
International trade: exports^a (million current US$)	2 273 468	2 589 098	3 379 748^f
International trade: imports^a (million current US$)	1 679 564	2 069 568	2 556 763^f
International trade: balance^a (million current US$)	593 904	519 530	822 985^f
Balance of payments, current account^a (million US$)	293 022	248 836	252 987^f

Social indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Population growth rate^a (average annual %)	0.5	0.1	-0.2^b
Urban population^a (% of total population)	55.5	60.3^e	...
Urban population growth rate (average annual %)	2.9^a,m	...	...
Fertility rate, total^a (live births per woman)	1.7	1.2	1^b
Life expectancy at birth^a (females/males, years)	79.8 / 74.4	81.0 / 75.2	81.0 / 75.2^b
Population age distribution^a,n (0-14/60+ years old, %)	18.3 / 15.6	18.0 / 17.9	16.0 / 20.6^b
International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)	978.0 / 0.1^a,o	1 039.7 / 0.1^a,o	... / ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR^a (000)	301.6	304.1	1^f
Under five mortality rate^a (per 1000 live births)	10.8	7.6	8^b
Health: Current expenditure^p (% of GDP)	4.9	5.6	5.4^q
Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)	1.8	2.4	2.5^q
Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)	3.8	3.5^r	...
Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	97.8 / 96.6	99.9 / 98.3	101.0 / 99.4^c
Education: Lowr. sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	106.0 / 102.7^s	... / ...	... / ...
Education: Upr. Sec. gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)	89.0 / 83.1	86.5 / 82.9	91.1 / 88.1^c
Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)	0.7	0.5	...
Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)	23.6	24.9^t	26.5^t

Environment and infrastructure indicators

	2015	2020	2024
Individuals using the Internet^a,u (per 100 inhabitants)	50.3^v	70.1	75.6^c
Research & Development expenditure^a (% of GDP)	2.1	2.4	2.4^q
Threatened species^a (number)	1 040	1 172	1 630^f
Forested area (% of land area)	22.4	23.4	23.6^q
CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)	8 989.2 / 6.4	9 850.1 / 6.9	10 424.7 / 7.3^q
Energy production, primary^a (Petajoules)	100 963	111 707	118 364^q
Energy supply per capita^a (Gigajoules)	86	98	104^q
Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders^a (000)	56 886	7 967^w	...
Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)	9.5	10.1	10.1^f
Pop. using safely managed drinking water^a (urban/rural, %)	93.8 / ...	97.5 / ...	97.9 / ...^c
Pop. using safely managed sanitation^a (urban/rural, %)	69.8 / 24.0	83.8 / 34.0	84.7 / 36.7^c
Net Official Development Assist. received^a (% of GNI)	0	0	0^q

Footnotes

a		For statistical purposes, the data for China do not include those for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), Macao Special Administrative Region (Macao SAR) and Taiwan Province of China.
b		Projected estimate (medium fertility variant).
c		2022
d		Refers to all city districts (excluding Yanqing District) meeting the criteria such as contiguous built-up areas, being the location of the local government, being a Street or Having a Resident Committee.
e		2019
f		2023
g		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4. Includes taxes less subsidies on production and imports. Excludes irrigation canals and landscaping care.
h		Includes taxes less subsidies on production and imports.
i		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4. Excludes publishing activities. Includes irrigation canals.
j		Data classified according to ISIC Rev. 4. Includes publishing activities and landscape care. Excludes repair of personal and household goods.
k		Estimate.
l		Index base: 2015=100.
m		Data refers to a 5-year period preceding the reference year.
n		Calculated by the UN Statistics Division.
o		Refers to foreign citizens.
p		Data based on calendar year (January 1 to December 31).
q		2021
r		2018
s		2012
t		Data are as at 1 January of reporting year.
u		Population aged 6 years and over.
v		Estimate. Data refer to permanent residents. Users in the last six months.
w		Including arrivals of non-residents visitors through border areas in China.